Absolute control on government in the provinces Essay

How fruitful was Louis of forcing supreme control on government in the areas? Louis all through his rule was accepted by his forerunners to be an outright ruler however was this truly evident when incorporated. To accomplish outright force Louis required pretty much all out authority over everything that went on in the territories. For instance he expected to ensure the assessments which he forced were as a rule effectively gathered and defilement was to a negligible. Somewhat Louis was fruitful in forcing outright force on the legislature in the areas. He passed laws which they didn’t like and they weren’t permitted to oppose until the law was passed meaning no possibility for genuine arrangement. In spite of the fact that to another degree his triumphs could have been restricted as yes they weren’t permitted to criticize until the law was passed yet the parlements would in any case be educated about the arrangement and Louis would examine it with them direct demonstrating the parlements despite everything had some control. Besides some may state that Louis didn’t mean or plan to implement supreme control in the areas. He saw the requirement for bargain and acknowledged it was to his greatest advantage to do as such. In a specific way Louis effectively forced more control on the legislature in the regions utilizing his total forces. The legislature in France in the seventeenth century had numerous administration bodies. Instances of these are the common governors and the parlements. Customary historian’s trusted Louis attempted to decrease the forces of these administration bodies to show he was picking up the outright force he should have been a flat out ruler. In any case Louis took different measures to decrease the intensity of the parlements. There were numerous means which he took to do this. He right off the bat chose to cut their legal wages by a third. Louis needed to show the parlements he was the principle head in France and nobody can address him. The compensation cuts could likewise mean more cash for Louis himself, to spend on his own advantages. Being affluent can show a person’s influence in the public arena even today, so by increasing more cash it would show Louis supreme control over France is becoming effective. It would likewise come clear to the parlements that Louis is increasing supreme control over them and preventing him from doing so would prompt awful. Next Louis made a law that parlements couldn't oppose until a law which was to be set up was passed. In the event that a demonstration of denunciation was to emerge under the steady gaze of the law was really passed than in Louis words they â€Å"must be executed rapidly and just once.† Again Louis is forcing his supreme command over the parlements. Louis settled on all an official choices, were the parlements had actually nothing to do with the issue, if he somehow managed to pass a specific law. Louis was the principle chief and everybody needed to come to him first to pass any kind of law. He was the fundamental man. This shows his total command over the regions and the entire of France was effectively being set up. Louis could do anything without the meeting of others. He could control France in his own particular manner in the event that he needed to as he settled on an official conclusions over anything which was to be passed by government or even the ministry. Laws woul d likewise be passed by Louis that the parlements didn't care for. A case of this was when in 1714 Louis demanded a law was to be passed that permitted his rats children to take the seat if his real family line finished. Numerous parlements didn't care for this law yet were obliged to pass it as Louis would pass it any path as he is an official choice producer. Liberal historian’s trusted Louis effectively forced total control in the areas. He was viewed as an absolutist to them and his outright powers were not generally for good yet in present moment demonstrated he was ground-breaking. Louis settled on every single official conclusion and the administration appeared to not have as a very remarkable state as they may have enjoyed as well. The strategies which he set up to lessen the intensity of the parlements effectively demonstrated him to be a flat out control over the administration in the regions. Louis didn't simply attempt to diminish intensity of parlement yet he attempted to control the commonplace governors as well. He needed not only one gathering of the legislature to be changed however the entire government to be controlled in his manner. Louis needed to show his supreme control was set up to everybody in the areas. The common governors were typically part of the respectability of blade with antiquated land holding rights, benefits and held significant status in the specific area they worked in. They generally were liable for fund-raising through expense assortment in the regions and everyday dynamic. Louis took a stab at forcing his supreme authority over them as well. He ensured charges were gathered appropriately and to his measures. He required the perfect measure of cash for him to spend and in the event that they didn’t gather it to an acceptable standard he would have words and they might be rebuffed somehow or another. This shows in the event that you cr oss Louis you will be rebuffed and you expected to keep on the correct side of him. The common governors were respectability of the blade and were a lot simpler to control. They had not purchased their workplaces like the honorability of the robe. They expected to remain on his correct side as they could be handily sacked. His supreme forces were appeared through his expulsion of Fouquet, who he thought was getting to huge for his boots. He attempted to differ with Louis and was ousted far away from the lord in a provincial territory. Louis was demonstrating his total control of his nearby allies as well and his absolutism was coming through after this occasion. Here and there he was fruitful in forcing his control over the commonplace governors as they were less inclined to differ with him as they were dispensed places in the legislature. The lord was the leader over everybody and to scrutinize his position would be ill-conceived notion. One gathering of individuals in the regions who could have helped him to increase total control were known as the intendants. They accumulated data for the lord and administered the authorization of his choices. The intendants were given reports on their advancement from the lord. In the event that they weren’t carrying out their responsibility appropriately, at that point the lord would set down what he needed of them or, in all likelihood they might be disposed of. Louis appears here that he has authority over the intendants as though they cross him they won't be a piece of his administering bodies which the vast majority needed to be a piece of. Besides the Intendants were just permitted to serve in a specific territory for as long as three years. Louis ensured they had no family or budgetary association with these all inclusive statements. This helped Louis to deal with them. Making them just remain in a region for as long as three years would permit Louis to prevent the i ntendants from getting joined to the area they are in. On the off chance that the intendants were to remain in an area for a really long time they may turn out to be increasingly tolerant towards companions they may have made money related open doors which could influence them from being faithful to the ruler. This permitted Louis to pick up what he needed out of the intendants, for example, they could keep an eye on individuals in the regions and check whether they were being degenerate in any capacity. This permitted the ruler to control others to as he would see whether an individual isn't obeying him direct. Louis could then either rebuff them or give them are cautioning. Louis would give the discipline demonstrating his total control over the individuals and the administration. The intendants would be increasingly dependable if not in one spot for a really long time permitting Louis to control them and the individuals in the areas. Nobody would address Louis in the regions and he settled on all choices generally. This demonstrated h is total control over government in the regions was effectively being forced. Then again anyway to another degree Louis power was constrained by specific components. In numerous zones he traded off and haggled with government in the regions as opposed to forcing supreme control. Despite the fact that Louis may have attempted to increase supreme control there was still a great deal of defilement among the administration bodies particularly by the common governors. The common governors gathered the duties for the ruler from individuals in the territories. This may have assist Louis with working up his realm however the commonplace governors would take a portion of the cash for themselves meaning not all the cash went to Louis. This shows Louis was not effective in forcing outright control over the common governors. On the off chance that he had outright control all the cash which the common governors gathered would go to him. Louis didn't generally watch out for the administration bodies in the areas as he would be busy with doing whatever him might feeling like doing. The commonplace governors would likewise utilize lesser aristocrats to gather the duties for them to provide for the ruler. Some were caught up with making the most of their own ideal lives utilizing their situation as a feature of government and companion to lord. Aristocrats who were utilized in the regions would too take cash from the assessments. The ruler would then get less and less cash. Louis absolutism was restricted here as he would not generally rebuff them for being degenerate yet simply let it pass him by. As far as he could tell Louis thought that it was smarter to haggle with the commonplace governors of what amount charges he ought to get. The commonplace governors were not that much danger to Louis as far as uprising yet he expected to keep them on side so as to guarantee proceeded with income from territories. Again it shows Louis didn't effectively have outright command over the territories. He needed to arrange terms with the common governors and didn't have full authority over what they did in their own lives as a major aspect of the administration. Louis couldn't simply change what they did as there could be potential for defiance. Despite the fact that it was far-fetched it was conceivable. Thus Louis controls over the parlements were not as absolutist as individuals may have suspected. Y

The play Refund is a light and rollicking play Essay

The string of the one demonstration ‘Refund’ itself is very interesting.A man around 40 is coming back to his outdated and requests to discount the education costs paid by him 18 years back for the explanation that the training provided for him never demonstrated valuable and he is currently nothing but bad for anything. The play includes just a couple of characters †the head, the educators and the protoganist Wasserkopf. Wasserkopf’s botches go about as learning ground. The protoganist is an object of wrong doings and submits a wide range of errors lastly surrenders in the hands of the head and the educators. 1. Wasserkopf has a negative worth for example assurance however in fouling up things.He is prepared to do anything just to demonstrate that his school has trained him nothing and his insight is unimportant. 2. The protagonist’s address to his lords shows to the job players and the watchers that how significant the estimations of regard and precision are. No questions watchers particularly understudies will snicker on such articulation in any case as the play progresses further, this conduct is unimportant joke over the students who are consistently prepared to accuse others and the framework. The error submitted in this way is connected up with the chain of occasions which at long last prompts an ethical instructing. 3. Here the hero believes himself to be astute. However, truly it is his mix-up .True insight is appeared as the experts. They are offended because of this student as he tends to them as ‘old killjoy, barbarian. Two-timer, bonehead, ass and so on yet they show persistence and restraint in showing him a thing or two. 4.Wasserkopf never tried sincerely and he is terminated from his activity as a result of a similar explanation for example his failure to buckle down. Well toward the finish of the play it is eventually demonstrated that no questions this ex-student attempted to demonstrate that his school showed him nothing, yet it’s just his training which made him sufficiently competent to figure the right total in a methodical manner. Thusly Wasserkopf needed to endure because of his untruths and degenerate qualities.

The Secret to Getting Hired at McKinsey, BCG, or Bain

The Secret to Getting Hired at McKinsey, BCG, or Bain McKinsey Co, the Boston Consulting Group and Bain Co, also known as the MBB in short or the “Big Three,” are the three top firms in consulting and are some of the most coveted places to work.These firms are routinely contracted by some of the largest organizations and companies in the world, from The Vatican and British Airways to governments across the world.While all three help companies and organizations deal with various business challenges, there is some difference between the three.McKinsey Co is more focused on organization and operation work and strategy. Most of its clients are in the fields of Public Sector, Education and Telco.The Boston Consulting Group is more focused on business growth, innovation and corporate development.Bain Co is more focused on working with Private Equity funds and other principal investors.The Big Three only hire from the top business schools. If you are about to graduate from one of these schools and are thinking of going into consulting, you are probably targeting one of the big three.However, getting hired at one of the Big Three is not as easy as you might think.These firms only work with the best minds, and as such, there is a lot of competition for those getting looking to hired by one of these firms.In addition, the extensive experience you stand to gain as well as the competitive salaries do not make matters any easier. Source: EmolumentHOW HARD IS IT TO GET A JOB AT THE BIG THREE?Getting a job at one of the Big Three is quite difficult, owing to the high number of people who apply to these firms and their stringent conditions for hiring.For instance, according to former McKinsey managing director Dominic Barton, the firm receives about 200,000 applications from interested candidates, but only about 2,200 of them get hired.In other words, anyone applying to the firm only has a 1% chance of getting hired.In order to get hired at the MBB, you need to have an excellent academic record from a prestigious school, you need to have been exposed to a wide range of activities, both academic and co-curricular, you need excellent communication skills, analytical capabilities, and you need to have interest in many areas.Many of those applying to the MBB firms, however, will also have these characteristics.So, how do you set yourself apart from the other candidates and catch the eye of the HR people at these fir ms?Below are some tips on how to improve your chances of getting hired at McKinsey, BCG, or Bain.The tips are divided into two sections: how to get yourself invited to an interview, and how to pass the PST     and how to pass the interviews.HOW TO GET AN INTERVIEW AT MCKINSEY, BCG, OR BAINOf course, if you intend to work at one of the Big Three consulting firms, the first thing you need to do is make sure that you get invited to an interview.Earning yourself an invitation to interview at McKinsey, BCG, or Bain boils down to two key things.An Excellent Resume That is Short And to the PointWe have already seen that these firms receive hundreds of thousands of applications in a single year. With so many applications to screen, there is no doubt that your resume will have to pass through an Applicant Tracking System (ATS).Therefore, not only do you need a bullet-proof resume, you also need to make sure that the resume is well optimized for Applicant Tracking Systems.Your resume should i nclude the keywords and exact phrases used within the job description.You should also ensure that your summary statement contains these keywords.The section headers in your resume should use common names â€" such as Work Experience, Education, Skills, and so on â€" to ensure that the ATS easily understands what each section is about.You should also avoid using tables, columns, headers, and footers in your resume.Before analyzing your resume, an ATS usually strips out the formatting, therefore any information contained within columns, tables, headers, and footers can easily get lost.Even when your resume does go past the Applicant Tracking System, you should remember that it won’t be the only one to make it past the ATS. It will be in the company of several other resumes, which all have to be manually screened by the hiring department.Since these recruiters have limited time to go through all these resumes, you need to keep your resume short and to the point. Ideally, a one-page re sume should be enough.You have the option of accompanying your resume with a well-written cover letter, though there is a high chance the cover letter might get ignored.Consulting firms want to work with the best and the brightest minds, therefore your resume should mention your top grades in university.These firms also want candidates who can be quickly trained and deployed to do their jobs, therefore your resume should show that you have a knack for learning quickly.If possible, your resume should show that you are a problem-solver, since solving problems makes a large part of consulting jobs.Therefore, you should mention any situations where you were part of team that solved certain problems.If you mention such situations, you should be ready to be quizzed about them in case you make it to the interview stage.Other skills that you want your resume to show include leadership skills, interpersonal skills, analytical and quantitative skills, and entrepreneurial skills.Finally, if yo u have some experience, instead of focusing on the job titles you held or the roles you were expected to play, you should talk about what you achieved while holding those positions.All the above will increase your chances of making it past the resume screening stage, but if you really want to be invited to that interview, you also need to…Network Like CrazyNetworking is an important part of the job search process, and it’s even more important when you are trying to land a job at one of the Big Three consulting firms, and especially if you are trying to get in from another company.All the three MBB firms get majority of their candidates from the top business schools.Therefore, if you are trying to move from another company, the only way your application might get considered is to have someone from inside the MBB firm push your application for you.If possible, try to network with a senior colleague, since a reference from them can have a huge influence on your chances of getting i nvited for an interview.In addition to pushing your applications, having close ties with someone from the inside can help you get an idea of what it is like to work within these firms and what you need to do to increase your chances of getting hired.Former bankers and lawyers are more likely to be hired laterally, since they have already undergone some analytical training.Even if you already have the advantage of being a top student from one of the top universities, you still need to put a lot of effort into networking.In case there is a borderline case in determining who should get the interview, there is a high chance an internal team meeting will be held to determine who should be invited to the interview.In such situations, having someone on the inside to vouch for you can be very helpful.Therefore, even before your graduation, you should start networking and building relationships with senior level consultants (principal, partner, or director), so that you already have people t o vouch for you when the time comes.The best part is that, even if you don’t know anyone directly, you can still network extensively through LinkedIn.GETTING THROUGH THE PSTOnce your resume makes it through the screening process, you will be invited to the take the famous PST or problem solving test.The PST is a written test that is used by McKinsey Co to test the candidate’s inductive, deductive and quantitative reasoning skills, as well as their ability to quickly understand and solve business problems in a logical manner.The PST allows McKinsey to quickly screen a large pool of applicants with minimal cost and eliminate those that were not well prepared for the test.Any candidate that fails the PST tests has no chance of being invited to the first round of interviews.However, the role of the PST is not to simply weed out unprepared candidates.If you pass, your score in the PST will be used together with your performance in the interviews to determine whether you get the job or not.The McKinsey problem solving test is usually comprised of 26 multiple choice questions that the candidates are supposed to answer within 60 minutes.The questions are mostly math and logic questions, because these skills are the most essential for anyone working as a consultant.Actually, the main task for most consultants in junior positions involves one of the following tasks:Extracting data from text, tables and graphs in client documents.Transforming, interpreting and analyzing the data through mathematical computations.Summarizing and presenting their findings.The PST tests a candidate’s ability to perform these three kinds of tasks.As part of the PST, you will be presented with text documents, tables and graphs and required to quickly determine the useful data in them.From there, you will need to perform a quick analysis and interpretation of the data and determine the right answer.Finally, you will also be required to pick an answer that represents the best summary of the situation.By passing the PST, you will have proven that you are capable of performing well on the job.Most test cases are actually gotten from previous McKinsey projects, so the test is an almost-accurate representation of the kind of conditions you will come across once you get hired.One of the advantages of the PST is that it allows the firm to measure the abilities of each candidate against all the other candidates, since every candidate writes the exact same test.This provides the firm with an objective assessment of the candidates, rather than solely relying on interviews, which are more subjective in nature.While the PST is used for most entry-level candidates, sometimes you might be exempted from going through the test, especially if you were recruited on campus from a top MBA school.Sometimes, some lateral hires may also be exempted from the test, depending on their background (experience) and geography.Since there are no hard and fast rules used to determine whether you will have to take the PST, the best thing to do is to consult with the HR contact of your target location and confirm whether a PST will be part of your interview process.If you want to maximize your chances of passing the PST, you need to practice a lot.Most of the candidates who pass the PST usually practice for more than 30 hours prior to the actual test.When practicing, you want to try as much as possible to replicate the real conditions of the actual PST.This means that, when practicing, you should avoid using a calculator, since you won’t be allowed to use one during the actual test. You should not use any scrap papers either, as you won’t be allowed to do that during the PST.Finally, you should time yourself during your practice sessions and make sure you don’t use any more than 60 minutes.However, you can start by going through the tests without timing yourself to get used to the style of questions, but you should quickly move on to timed practice sessions so that you get used to answering them within the time frame you will be given during the actual test.Actually, most of the questions are not very tough.The greatest challenge lies in completing them within a limited amount of time, which is why you need to time yourself during practice.PASSING THE INTERVIEWOnce you take the PST and score higher than the cut off mark, you will now be invited to the interviews.At this stage, candidates are usually taken through two interviews: the case interview and the fit interview.The Case Interview Case interviews are another famous part of the interviewing and recruitment process at firms like McKinsey Co, Bain, and BCG.Just like with the PST, the aim of case interviews is to find out how capable you are at performing the job for which you will potentially be hired.During the case interview, the interviewer will provide a challenging business situations and ask you to come up with solutions to the challenge.For instance, you might be asked a question like , “One of our clients, SuperSoda, is planning to launch a new flavored sports drink known as Electro-Light. How do you estimate the market size for their new product?” As you answer the question, the interviewer might ask other related questions as a follow up to your response.When answering case interview questions, you are required to determine what the problem is, come up with a framework for solving the problem, request for any additional information that you might need to solve the question, and finally present your recommendation.Most case interview questions are meant to test the following:Numeracy â€" Is the candidate comfortable with numbers? How quickly can the candidate perform rough calculations and guesstimates? Is the candidate able to tie the numbers to the problem at hand, determine the implications of the numbers, and use them to come up with recommendations?Ability to break down challenges into individual components and solve each individually â€" Most consulti ng projects are quite enormous, and will often involve industries that a consultant has no prior experience in. In order to solve the challenges that come with such projects, a consultant will need to break the problem into smaller parts and work on each part individually. This is the only way to make such projects manageable, and is one of the most important skills for consultants.Creative thinking â€" Consultancy also requires a lot of creative thinking. A consultant needs to be able to move beyond the basic structures of handling a problem and come up with innovative solutions that might have eluded everyone else. When answering the case interviews, you should aim to wow your interviewer with innovative answers that they themselves might not have thought of.While the case interviews aim to test these three elements, it is good to note that the three different elements are not weighted equally.For instance, if your performance on the three elements is deemed to be average (you did not fail, but you were not outstanding either), there is a high chance you will not move through to the next round of interviews.Similarly, if you perform exceptionally in the first element but perform dismally in the other two, you are not likely to get through either. If, however, you perform exceptionally in the second or third element and have an average performance in the other two elements, this might be enough to see you through.In other words, you should aim to be outstanding in the second or third elements, because they are given greater importance than the first element.When giving your answers to the case interview questions, you also need to show some level of infectious excitement. Remember, the bulk of your job will involve dealing with such questions.As such, you need to show the interview, both through how you answer the questions and through your body language, that handling such questions is something you enjoy doing.If it comes across like the case interview ques tions are a chore to you, the interviewer will assume that you will treat your job the same way.Of course, no one wants to hire an employee who doesn’t love the job they have been hired to do.Aside from testing your numeracy, creative thinking, and ability to break problems into their constituent parts, case interviews will also help the interviewer evaluate your communication and presentation skills, verbal reasoning skills, and your commercial and business knowledge.Fit InterviewsOnce you pass the case interview, you will then be taken through the fit interview.The number of fit interviews you will go through will depend on the firm you are targeting.For instance, McKinsey Co takes its candidates through two to three rounds of fit interviews, unlike the other two firms.Fit interviews, also known as personal experience interviews (PEIs), are meant to evaluate whether a candidate’s skills, values, and personality are aligned with the organization’s environment and corporate c ulture.It also assesses the candidate’s leadership qualities, collaborative qualities and motivation.It’s good to note that the fit interview is as important as the other parts of the interview process.It is not uncommon to see candidates spend most of their time preparing for the PST and case interviews while totally neglecting the fit interviews, which are equally important.Failing the fit interview will lead to rejection, regardless of whether you actually performed well in the PST and case interview.As part of the fit interview, you will be asked to provide personal impact stories.These are essentially specific examples from your past experience that demonstrate some of the traits the fit interview is trying to assess, such as leadership skills, collaborative skills, and so on.Personal impact stories are often introduced using questions such as “Tell me about a time when” They could also be based off something on your resume.For instance, you might be asked to explain ho w you managed to attain an achievement stated on your resume.When it comes to providing personal impact stories, you should use the STAR technique, where you start by providing the Situation in which you did something, the Task you were assigned, the specific Action you took, and the Results you achieved as a result of your actions.To evaluate how motivated you are, the interviewer might ask you questions like “What made you decide to go into consulting?” or “What made you choose this firm and not a competitor?”Whereas case interviews and PSTs test your ability to do the job, the aim of the fit interview is to determine how motivated and ready you are to perform the job and make an impact.WRAPPING UPWith a success rate of just 1%, getting hired at the Big Three consulting firms does not come easy.First, you need to have an excellent academic record, excellent communication skills and exposure to a wide range of academic and co-curricular activities.To get invited to an inter view, you need a short but exceptional resume that will pass the ATS and at the same time present all your strengths at a glance.Having some senior consultants within your network will also increase your chances of getting an interview invitation.If your resume goes through, you should be prepared to ace both the PST and the case and fit interviews.I hope that, by making it clear what you need in order to get hired at McKinsey, BCG, or Bain, you are in a better position to start preparing for a career at one of these firms.

Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 - 2041 Words

Books have played an important role in society for thousands of years. Books give people the foundations of being able to set opinions, the foundations of education and the foundation of preferences and perspectives on historical events. But, books also create opinion and require thought which can lead to disagreements and an unpleasant society. In the book, â€Å"Fahrenheit 451†, the author, Ray Bradbury, explains a futuristic society where books have become such a burden and the government strives so much for a world without fault that they banned all books from society. They view books as a problem because they promote thought and higher level thinking skills which can lead to controversy between minority groups that have differentiating†¦show more content†¦When he came home from this first unplanned meeting he found his wife laying on her bed, unconscious, because of she overdosed on sleeping pills. But, emergency responders come to their house and performed an operation to bring Montag’s wife, Mildred back to perfect health. They get her back to perfect health by pumping new blood into her system, but this new blood makes Mildred forget everything that happened the night before. After this event he has more and more meetings with Clarisse and she starts to influence his personality by making him more and more dissatisfied with how society is run. Clarisse makes him realize that books are not a real problem in society and the government portrays this problem for a reason unknown by Montag. This belief becomes so influenced upon him by Clarisse that he even starts stealing books from houses he helps burn down. Clarisse suddenly disappears making the reader infer she died. This combined with his very little knowledge and curiosity of books caused him to have psychological illnesses that refrained him from going to work and let him stay home and read the books that have been banned for the entirety of his life. But, Montag’s cha nge of behavior and his constant missing of work causes his boss, captain beatty, to become

Game Art and Design Nintendo Wii Demonstrates a Rapidly Growing Profession 2019

Japans Nintendo Wii has a one-of-a-kind wireless controller. Gamers will be able to use the controller as a tennis racket, bowling ball, golf club, boxing gloves, and more. Instead of a complex series of button combinations to produce action, gamers simply tilt, swing, and point the controller. This new innovation in game art and design comes as a welcomed development for the reflex-challenged, and serves as an inspiration for anyone in pursuit of a bachelors degree in game art and design. Nintendos major competitors, Sony and Microsoft, are also busy releasing new products in the game art and design industry. Sonys PlayStation 3 arrived in 2017 and is much more technologically advanced than the Nintendo Wii. Microsoft has recently released its Xbox 360 and has sold over millions since 2017. Game art and design has, indeed, been a booming industry since its initial explosion with the release of PONG in 1971. .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260:active, .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u3e0655f2b2a4df1324810f5618991260:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Find Art and Humanities Online Degree ProgramsHowever, Nintendo expects to gain a competitive edge by appealing to the mass market rather than just the serious gamer. Whereas Sonys PlayStation 3 costs around $600, the Nintendo Wii is promised costs only $250 in the United States. Mr. Reggie Fils-Aime, president of Nintendo of America, reported to the New York Times that Nintendo intends to expand the current market of game art and design to avoid continuing down a path that limits its appeal simply to the hard-core gamer. Nintendos game artists and game designers have equipped the Wii with several unique features in order to capture Nintendos target market. In addition to its sleek appearance, it comes with a photo channel that allows digital photographs to be displayed on the television screen. It also comes with an interactive news and weather channel as well as internet surfing capability through the television. .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d:active, .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u9dc038b19511bb1736f104f4e9fdec3d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Kentucky Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in Kentucky, the Bluegrass StateNintendos Wii comes as yet another advancement in the game art and design industry. Each console is sold along with a Wii sports game featuring tennis, golf, bowling, and a variety of other sports that show off the Wiis new controller. 25 to 30 additional games will be available for sale this year as well as 30 downloadable games from the internet for the price of $5 to $10 each. The rapidly evolving technology of Nintendo and its competitors demonstrates one of the factors behind the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predictions for careers in game art and design. Along with the profession of software publishing, game art and design is expected to be the third fastest growing career through the year 2018. Students attending universities such as Westwood College to earn a Bachelors Degree in Game Art and Design can count on numerous employment opportunities within the industry. Prospective students may contact Westwood College for more information or visit College-Pages.com, the education and career resource, for a complete list of available programs and additional resources. .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757:active, .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ud61cbb16e95bac525150397af556a757:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Maine Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in Maine, the Pine Tree StateRelated ArticlesFind Arts and Humanitites Degree ProgramsGetting Started With a Career in BusinessBachelor of Arts in Organizational Management Teaching People Skills for Effective ManagementSmall Business Management and Accounting SoftwareCareer Options in Computer ScienceThe Future of Computer Scientists

Critical Analysis of Efficiency Market Hypothesis

ABSTRACT Michael Jensen writes, â€Å"There is no other proposition in economics which has more solid empirical evidence supporting it than the Efficient Market Hypothesis.† The term ‘Efficient Market Hypothesis’ (EMH) is concerned with the behavior of prices in asset markets. It was initially applied to the stock market, but the concept was soon generalized to other asset markets. EMH has also been a subject of debate since its inception in the 1960s. INTRODUCTION This essay critically discusses’ A market is efficient with respect to a particular set of information if it†¦show more content†¦These versions differ by their notions of what is meant by the term â€Å"all available information.† The tests for each form, summarized in brief, empirically shows evidence in favor of EMH: According to Fama (1970), Weak form efficiency claims that all past prices of a stock are reflected in today s stock price. Therefore, technical analysis cannot be used to predict and beat a market. The Weak Form Tests. The test of the weak form of the EMH is generally taken to comprise of; an autocorrelation test, a runs test and filter rule test. An autocorrelation test investigates whether security returns are related through time. On the other, a runs test, for example, measures the likelihood that a series of two variables is a random occurrence. A filter rule (or trading test) is a trading rule regarding the actions to be taken when shares rise or fall in value by x%. Filter rules should not work if markets are weak form efficient. Overall, the tests highlighted, statistically tests for independence, to establish the weak-form holds, thereby invalidating strategic rules for technical analy sis, to obtainShow MoreRelatedEfficient Market Hypothesis ( Emh )1258 Words   |  6 PagesEFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESISName: Mamunur Rahman Introduction Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) is a concept that was developed in 1960 s Ph.D. dissertation that was presented by Eugene Fama. The efficient market hypothesis states that, in a liquid market, the price of the securities reflects all the available information. The EMH exists in various degrees that include weak, semi-strong and strong, denoting the inclusion of non-public information in the market price. The theory contends that notionRead MoreThe Importance Of Raising Companies Finance For Their Operations Efficiently Without Affecting Its Profitability1486 Words   |  6 Pageswithout affecting its profitability. Equity markets are places where willing buyers and sellers can meet for the purpose of making profit. Market efficiency is the high expectations of investors in every market place. Market places are where investors bu y and sell companies and government securities. 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Our Null Hypothesis for this study states that the calendar anomaly does not exist in stock market of USRead MoreInfluencing The Adoption Of Mobile Office Services : Empirical Investigation Among Sales Workers1444 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction: Here the critical review of a research article, taken from a reputable published and refereed journal i.e, â€Å"INFLUENCING FACTORS FOR THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE OFFICE SERVICES: EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION AMONG SALES WORKERS† written by Jin-Bo Sim and You-Jin Kim,Creative Future Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea. It is observed a major amount of variation in consumer expectations from the available resources (ETRI, 2010). The authors were keenRead MoreAnalysis of Capital Market Efificiency and the Efficient Market Hypothesis2763 Words   |  12 PagesCapital market efficiency is concerned with assessing the movements of security prices over different time horizons. In this paper, I will briefly discuss capital market efficiency and then finish with an extensive discussion of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), which is a leading theory in explaining some of the major reasons for fluctuations in security prices. From this perspect ive, we will examine the three forms of efficiency, supporting and opposing arguments of the EMH, alternative theoriesRead MoreThe Effect Of Fdi Inflow On Exports1394 Words   |  6 Pagesarrive. That’s why, we’ve excluded the years before 1976. Dependent Variable: Export, measured in US dollar. Independent Variable: Foreign Direct Investment, FDI inflow measured in US dollar. Methodology Before explaining the methodology of data analysis it is important to know that how FDI could affect exports. Blomstrà ¶m (1996) provides a brief but comprehensive review of the theoretical foundation of the effect of FDI on host countries (including exports). One association is explained in termsRead MoreStock Market Efficiency: How Does It Reflect on the Securities Trading6759 Words   |  28 PagesStock Market Efficiency: How does It Reflect on the Securities Trading Abstract: Stock market efficiency has been the subject matter of research studies for periods well over the past three decades. Several theories have been established about basically how the competition will drive all information into the prices of securities quickly. Centering this idea the concept known as Efficient Market Hypothesis has been evolved which also has been the subject of intense debate among academics and financialRead MoreThe Efficient Market Hypothesis (Emh) Has Been Subject1863 Words   |  8 PagesThe efficient market hypothesis (EMH) has been subject to professional and academic debate and analysis for many years, and refers to the theory proposing that stock prices show all information regarding a firm’s value. An efficient market is a market in which investors with the same information and similar investment goals compete actively (Sewell, 2012). Many private investors and investors aiming to make profits are involved with the stock market and often make low risk investments while aimingRead MoreTaking a Look at Mergers and Acquisitions868 Words   |  3 Pages The second chapter of the report will focus on the literature review, whereby there will be a critical analysis of previous research literature on MA. Literature Review The literature review looks at the motives of (MA) with previous companies. In addition to this, previous studies will be looked at to investigate the benefits of previous companies acquiring other companies to increase their market capital. Literature on theories of MA shows that the motives of companies incorporates MA ,areRead MoreEfficient Market Hypothesis3125 Words   |  13 Pages`A market is efficient with respect to a particular set of information if it is impossible to make abnormal profits by using this set of information to formulate buying and selling decisions.’ Critical Analysis When we invest money into the stock market we do it with the intention of generating a return on the capital invested. Many investors try not only to make a profitable return, but also to outperform, or ‘beat the market’. However, market efficiency -  championed in the efficient market

Singapore Population Policies free essay sample

After Independence in 1965, the population of the country was growing at a rate that would seriously threaten the success of Singapore. The Government introduced the Stop at two policy to help control the rapid population growth. It was introduced in 1969. The policy had a very successful response; in fact, it was so successful that the population started to decline. Couples saw the benefits in having a smaller family, such as more money, higher quality of life and cars. The population increase stayed low. Women started to pursue careers before having children. Before the policy was put into place, women were having 6 children on average. Why was the policy introduced? The Singaporean government introduced a stop at two policy, to help slow down the rapid population growth of Singapore in 1969. The government introduced this policy because they saw population growth as a threat to the living standards in Singapore, as children would pack school and medical facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Singapore Population Policies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women were having 6 children on average. The policy had a very positive response, not only did it make the population growth decline, it declined so much, that the population started to decrease. Now Singapore was faced with an Aging Population. Couple in Singapore saw the benefits of having a smaller family through Family Planning, which educated couples about having a family and children. Benefits such as more money, having a higher quality of life and cars became apparent to young couples. Women started to pursue careers before having children. Problems of the policy. * The policy introduced many problems, such as women pursuing careers before having children. Because of this policy, Singapore faced an aging population and had to introduce another policy to correct its mistakes. Furthermore, University graduated women failed to marry and bear children. University graduated men had to settle for less educated women, which was seen as a problem in Singapore. In 1986, a new policy was introduced, after Singapore saw that their population wasnt reproducing. This policy was called three or more, if you can afford it, which encouraged young couples to have more children, if they could afford it. The government introduced this policy because statistics told them that if nothing was done about the aging population, by 2030, one in five people would be over 65.

Organizational functions

Its all in the family essays

Its all in the family essays A part of family structure is family dynamics, which together create a family unit. Family, by dictionary definition, means the parents and children alone; the children as distinguished from the parents. This reveals how the relationships within the family are important. It is the Parents and Children alone and how they interact that can exhibit a family tie. When a parent and child connect, it starts a thread in the bracelet of that certain family, and, depending on how many bonds there are in the family, shows how tightly woven that bracelet is. The bonds hold the family together. The novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, illustrates a family in which the members tend to have small bonds with those that are similar to them. My family, on the other hand, demonstrates the opposite, where the differences bring members together to form more secured bonds. A weakness in a family is the difference between parents and it is the most tremendous feebleness when it comes to the point where everything that is being said has a second meaning. When the reader first opens the novel, he/she reads a dialogue between Mrs. Bennet and Mr. Bennet. It is a typical dialogue for the Bennets. There is so much confutation that the reader knows from that point on that the Bennet's relationship is no "great" relationship. Since Mrs. Bennet is a phony, claustrophobic, sheltered woman, and Mr. Bennet is a funny, sarcastic, realistic man, the two tend to disagree a lot. Mrs. Bennet believes she is perfectly sane and that the most important thing is to have her children married off well. Although, Mr. Bennet sees it as a huge joke and believes the girls should marry whom they want and should spend their time doing what they please. Even on the first page of the entire novel Mrs. Bennet is over excited about Bingley's arrival; "OH! Single, my dear, to be sur e! A single man of good fortune; four ...

Leadership Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership Theories - Essay Example It is a tough call because leaders and followers are unique human beings and thereby each situation has an unknown entity factored in. A range of leadership theories have tried to put forth different leadership styles which is the recurring pattern of behaviours exhibited by a leader. A leader's style is based on the degree of concern to the accomplishment of the task and the people who do the task. The early Trait theories of the 1920's and 1930's, tried to understand the specific traits that differentiated leaders and non-leaders. These may be physical traits like age, height, weight, or social characteristics like being popular, charismatic or diplomatic or personal traits like being self-confident and adaptable. Task-related characteristics include being driven to excel, accepting of responsibility, having initiative, and being results-oriented. Trait theories concentrated on the inherent individual traits rather the situation but their drawback was that they did not take into account situational differences. Also, they did not take into account the fact that when these attributes are cultivated by education and training whether they were as effective as the inherent qualities. Due to the uniqueness of situations and individuals, trait theories lost their vote when compared to situational theories. Contingency Theories take into account environmental factors and recommend adaptable leadership behaviour to actual situational requirements. Fiedler's contingency theory was based on the premise that good leadership is always a match between leadership style and situational demands. What works in a particular environment may not be successful in a different environment. Fiedler's theory consisted of three contingency variables. The first was the leader-member relations (good or poor) that determined group support for the leader. The second was the task structure (high or low) that specified the accuracy of the task and goals. And the third was the position power that determined the power or authority of the manager to punish or reward his subordinates. These are combined in a weighted sum that is termed "Favourable" at one end and "unfavourable" at the other. Task oriented style worked with better member relations while or relationship oriented style is defined for other circumstances. Thus, a given situation might call for a manager with a different style or a manager who could take on a different style for a different situation. Fiedler's theory is successful only when there is a good match between style and situation. The task-motivated style leader takes pride in his work and feels happy in the achievement of company goals. The relationship-oriented manager seems to place more emphasis relationship building. Therefore this works only when the prospective managers have the right situation that suits their predominant style and is dependent on internal and external constraints. The leadership qualities that are required to make a good leader can vary in different organisations, teams and situations. This is one of the fundamental principles underlying most popular leadership systems such as Situational Leadership (developed by Blanchard and Hersey in the late 1960s). Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership model suggests that successful leaders can adjust their styles depending on the readiness of the followers to perform in a given situation. The leadership styles portrayed are combinations of task oriented and relationship

CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATION OF EQUALITY LEGISLATION Essay

CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATION OF EQUALITY LEGISLATION - Essay Example This plan which came to be known as the Lisbon strategy was launched during June 2000 with the aim of transforming the EU into a â€Å"knowledge based economy† and to channelise the growth and development of the EU citizens (Accessibility Legislation - An Insight. 2005). The main challenges would include meeting the needs and aspirations of the people of the EU, especially in work areas like electronics, content and services including public servicing and the development of specialised skills for its people. Under the EU a public interactive forum has been established on how to make the benefits of computer technology compatible with old and elderly persons. This Commission also seeks to address to the difficulties encountered by the elderly in managing computers, mobile phones and internet services. The three areas in which the EC seeks to emphasise are â€Å"public procurements, certification and use of legislation† (Accessibility Legislation - An Insight. 2005). Under the provisions of Employment Equality Act 1998, of Ireland, any form of discrimination, on the basis of sex, marital or family status, sexual preferences, religion, age, race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origins, presence of disability, and membership of traveller community is illegal and unenforceable. But it is widely believed that these laws could only be enforced on an â€Å"individualistic justice model† (Equality Coalition. 2004, P 5). Rather then the law itself, its enforcement is of more concern since large scale violations could go unnoticed unless immediate claims are made and registered. However this may create risks and difficulties upon underprivileged citizens, especially minorities, and they may not be aware of their rights and privileges under the law. Amending Section 2 of the Employment Equality Act 1998, Section 3 of the Equality Act 2004, provides that concessions may be made in the

What is Linguistics?

What is Linguistics? The mighty one creates an extraordinary perfect creature among the other creatures that is called human. Human being has a highly developed brain since Adam who is the first mankind came to the earth. When he was born, God gave him three potential gifts of life in order to live on; they were physical needs, instincts, and mind. Mind as one of three potential gifts that human has; it is a gift that makes human different from other creatures. With this gift makes mankind is able to develop everything that occurred in his life for sake his living. That is a reason why human has been inventing something new time by time. Language as the most significant part in communication, that is able to connect between the human capacities for culture and language and it has been noted as far back as classical antiquity. On Contemporary Linguistics O’Grady, et al., wrote that: â€Å"Language is many things à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â€š ¬ a system of communication, a medium for thought, a vehicle for literary expression, a social institution, a matter for political controversy, a catalyst for nation building. All human beings normally speak at least one language and it is hard to imagine much significant social, intellectual, or artistic activity taking place in its absence. Each of us, then, has a stake in understanding something about the nature and use of language.† In Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Hornby stated that â€Å"Language is the system of communication in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country†. Language is a mean of mankind’s communication. There are many different genius unique languages in the world, such as Arabic, Bahasa, Dutch, Japanese, Turkish, Walsh, and English. English is a global language in the world; it is extremely growing and spreading in a whole countries. Except for Japan, because he stated that his strenuous Japanese language makes him as his honor and his personality as Nippon people. Based on the linguists, language divided into two parts, they are literature and linguistics. Literature, in cultural context, language is studied as the tool of literature’s birth. Literature is the art of written works. On Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Hornby wrote that â€Å"Literature is pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems (in contrast to technical books and newspapers, magazines, etc.)†. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Hornby wrote that â€Å"Linguistics is the scientific study of language or particular languages: a course in applied linguistics†. Linguistics is called Generative Linguistics, studying not also a certain language but pays attention to analyze and comprehend every word, sound, its changes, function and so on in language. That is why linguistics consists of some major aspects of language. Commonly linguistics consists into some major subchapters, the first is anthropological linguistics; the study of the interrelationship between language and culture. Applied linguistics; the application of the methods and result of linguistics in such areas as language teaching. Also Historical linguistics; the study of how language changes through time: the language’s relationship to each other. Morphology is the study of the way in which words are constructed out of smaller meaningful units. The Method of the Research A method that the writer used in this research is descriptive method, regarding in this research the writer analyzes morphology, especially internal change, suppletion, and reduplication. The research describes in morphosemantic analysis of their form, position, function, and meaning as written in the aims of the research. Morphology Morphology is the branch of linguistics that identifying and studying words as grammatical units and word structured that introducing some common morphological phenomenon for modifying of variety of the word’s structure in order to express a new meaning and sign a grammatical contrast, such as internal change that a process in which substitutes one non-morphemic segment to another, suppletion is a morphological process whereby a root morphemes is replacing by a phonological unrelated form for indicating a grammatical contrast, and a process that duplicating part or all of the base to apply for marking a grammatical or semantic contras is called reduplication. Morphology derived from Greek words: morphe means form and logos means knowledge, and it is concerned with describing and explaining how the words are formed; it is the branch of linguistics that studies word formation and composition is called Morphology. McMannis, et al., (1987:117), in Language Files explains that â€Å"The study of how words are structured and how they are put together from smaller part†. Another linguist, Verhaar (2004:97) describes â€Å"Morphology is the branch of linguistics that identifies morphemes as grammatical unit†. Spencer et al., in The Handbook of Morphology (2001:1) describes that morphology as â€Å"†¦ The study of word structure and words are at the interface between phonology, syntax and semantics†. Then O’Grady et al., (1987:132) tell that â€Å"The system of categories and rules involved in word formation and interpretation is called morphology†. Morphology is the analysis, identification, and description of the word structure (words as units in the lexicon are the subject matter of lexicology). Words and Word Structures â€Å"The most reliable defining property of word is that they are the smallest free forms found in language. A free form is an element that can occur in isolation and or whose position with respect to neighbouring elements is not entirely fixed†. (Contemporary Linguistics: 132) In Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Hornby stated that â€Å"Word is sound or combination of sounds that expresses a meaning and forms an independent unit of grammar or vocabulary of a language†. A speech sound or series of speech sounds that symbolizes and communicates a meaning without being divisible into smaller units capable of independent use. Yet word is the smallest of the linguistic units which can occur on its own in speech and writing (Richard et al., 1985:311). Furthermore, word formation is the creation of new words. A word can be stated if that word is in the base form. For example, the word singer ® {sing} + {-er}; sing is the base form. Figure 2.1 Words Consisting of One or More Morphemes Morphemes The traditional term for the most elemental unit of grammatical form is morpheme; from Wikipedia site, it is derived from the Greek word morphe meaning â€Å"form†. Britanica Concise Encyclopedia (www.answere.com) described that Morpheme as â€Å"The smallest grammatical unit of speech†. McMannis, et al., (Language Files: 117), wrote that Morpheme is â€Å"The minimal linguistic unit has a meaning or grammatical function†. While Lyons states that morpheme is â€Å"Such minimal units of grammatical analysis of which words may composed are customarily refered to as morpheme† (Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics: 170). Morpheme Classification Morphemes are divided into two basic categories; freestanding word and morphemes that are bound or attached (affixed) to other words. Each of these major categories can be subdivided further into two types, those morphemes that have more lexical content and those that are more grammatical in function. They are divided into two types: Free Morpheme, is morpheme which can stand alone and it has a meaning. The free morphemes with lexical content represent the major parts of speech, such nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. The free grammatical function morphemes include the minor parts of speech, such articles, preposition, and conjunction, among others. Based on McMannis, et al., (Language Files: 119) free morpheme is â€Å"A morpheme which can stand alone as words†; Abdul Chaer’s definiton (1994:151), free morpheme is morpheme that can appear in the pronunciation without the presence of other morpheme. Bound Morpheme, is the morpheme that cannot stand alone and it has no meaning, but should be bound (attached) to other morpheme to have a meaning. â€Å"A morpheme that must be attached to another element†. (O’Grady et al.,1987:134) and McMannis stated that bound morpheme is â€Å"The morpheme which are always attached to some other morpheme†. (Language Files: 119) Affixes Affix is a letter or sound or group of letters or sounds, which is added to a word that changes the meaning or part of speech of the word. (Richards, et al., 1985:7); â€Å"Affix is one or more sounds or letters occurring as a bound form attached to the beginning or end of the word base, or phrase or inserted within a word or base and serving to produce a derivative word or an inflectional form†. Different with roots, affixes do not belong to a lexical category and always bound morphemes. Affixes are divided into three types; prefix is affix added to the beginning of the word/morpheme (such as un-, re-, en-, etc.); infix is affix inserted into two other morphemes (such as in tagalong  ®-um, -in, etc.); and suffix is affix added to the ending of the word/morpheme (such as -able, -ness, -ing, -ly) Bases O’Grady, et al., (Contemporary Linguistics: 137) explains that base is â€Å"A base is the form to which an affix is added. In many case the base is also the root†. For example, the word ducks: the element to which the affix –s is added corresponds to the word’s root. Another case, however, an affix can be added to a unit larger that a root which it happens in word blackened that the past tense affix –ed is added to the verbal base blacken –a unit consisting of root the morpheme black and suffix –en. Common Morphological Phenomena Mankind’s language makes use of variety of operations or processes that can modify the structure of word, either by adding some element to it or yet by making an internal change, in order to express a new meaning or to mark a grammatical contrast. 1. Affixation The addition of an affix, a process known as affixation, is common in morphological process in language. Linguist distinguishes the affixation’s process into three types: Prefix, is word or syllable (e.g. co-, en-, ex-, non-, un-, pre-, re-, etc.) placed in front of a word to add or change the meaning of that word, e. g. en in enrich. Prefix also means word (e. g. Dr, Mrs, Mr, Sir, etc.) that paced before a person’s name as a title for someone. (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 1989:976) Infix, is a derivational or inflectional affix appearing in the body of word. (Wikipedia-2010). O’Grady et al., (1987:139) stated that â€Å"Infix is a type of affix that occurs within a base†. Somehow infixes are rarely pretty hard to find them in English. Suffix, is letter or group added at the end of a word to make another word, e. g. –y added to rust to make rusty, or as an inflection, e. g. –en in oxen (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 1989:1286). Suffix means an affix occurring at the end of a word, base or phrase. 2. Compounding Words may also be formed by stringing together other words to create compound words (Wikipedia-2010). On Contemporary Linguistics O’Grady, et al., (1987:143), wrote that â€Å"Compounding is the combination of lexical categories (nouns, adjectives, verbs, or prepositions) to create a larger word†. Compounding in English is unlimited, for examples: Figure 2.2 Samples of Compounding 3. Internal Change On Contemporary Linguistics O’Grady, et al., (1987:141), wrote that â€Å"Internal change is a process that substitutes one non-morphemic segment for another†. For example, look at the table below. Figure 2.3 Internal Change in English In his book, he divided internal change into: Ablaut Ablaut is a systematic variation of vowels in the same root or affix or in related roots or affixes esp. in the Indo-European languages that is usually paralleled by differences in use or meaning. For example, sing (present)  ®sang (past); the term ablaut is often used for vowel alternations that mark grammatical contrast in this way. Umlaut Umlaut is the change of vowel that is caused by partial assimilation to a succeeding sound or that occurs as a reflex of the former presence of a succeeding sound which has been lost or altered (as to mark pluralization in goose ®geese or mouse ®mice). Umlaut involves the fronting of a vowel under the influence of a front vowel in the following syllable. Despite the internal modifications above, the following describes another pattern of internal change (Language Files: 131): The usual pattern of plural formation that is â€Å"To add an infectional morpheme, some English plurals make an internal modification: man but men†. The usual pattern of past and past participle formation is â€Å"To add an affix, but some verbs also show an internal change†; for example: ring, rang, rung; sing, sang, sung, etc. 4. Suppletion Contemporary Linguistics, (1987:142), explained that â€Å"Suppletion is a morphological process whereby a root morpheme is replaced by a phonologically unrelated form in order to indicate a grammatical contrast†. From Wikipedia confirmed that â€Å"In linguistics and etymology, suppletion is traditionally understood as the use of one word as the inflected form of another word when the two words are not cognate†. â€Å"Suppletion is the replacement of one stem with another, resulting in an allomorph of a morpheme which has no phonological similarity to the other allomorphs†. The statement took from SIL International. For an example of this terrific phenomenon in English is the use of went as the past tense form from the verb go, or was and were as the past tense forms from be. In some cases, it is hard to differ between suppletion and internal change as in think (thought) and seek (sought). 5. Reduplication Another magnificent common morphological process in certain language (but not English) is reduplication which duplicates all or part of the base to which it applies to mark a grammatical or semantic contrast. (Contemporary Linguistics: 143) The process of reduplication is dividing into two phenomena types that usually are used in English, the first one is full reduplication and another one is partial reduplication. Full reduplication is the repetition of the entire words. For examples in Indonesian language: orang (man)  ®orang-orang (all sorts of men), anak (child)  ®anak-anak (all sort of children); it is used to indicate intensity. Partial reduplication is copies only part of the word. For example in Tagalog language: takbuh (run)  ®tatakbuh (will run), lakad (walk)  ®lalakad (will walk). The repeating of parts of words to produce new forms is called reduplication. Producing new coinages have often appeared at times of national confidence; when an outgoing also playful nature is expressed in language, for example during 1920’s following the First World War in which when many nonsense word pairs were coined such as the bees knees, heebie-jeebies, etc. The linguists believe that the introduction of such terms begin with Old English and continues today. Willy-nilly, riff-raff, helter-skelter, arsy-versy (a form of vice-versa), hocus-pocus all date from the 16th century. Today, new coinage word is coming up to date; we have bling-bling, boob-tube and hip-hop. The other example of reduplication are ding-dong, see-saw, tick-tock, zig-zag, blah-blah, bye-bye, choo-choo, chop-chop. Hypertension: Signs, Risk Factors, Treatments Hypertension: Signs, Risk Factors, Treatments Contents (Jump to) Introduction Anatomy, physiology and Pathophysiology of hypertension Risk factors that are associated with hypertension i. Age. ii. Gender. iii. Activity level iv. Diet v. smoking vi. Family history Signs and symptoms of hypertension Diagnostics and tests for hypertension Treatment of hypertension 1. Change of lifestyles 2. The use of medicine Complications that may result from hypertension How hypertension process affects the body system Circulatory system Digestive system Nerves system Endocrine system Respiratory system Necessary nutrition for hypertension patients Planning and teaching on patient discharge. References Introduction In his article, â€Å"Hypertension Guide May Affect 7.4 Million†, Gina Kolata observes that approximately two-thirds of American aged above 60 years are likely to server from hypertension. This is supported by the fact that; there are so many people who are admitted to various hospitals suffering from hypertension. Some people have also been admitted to various nursing homes where they are on receiving with medication (Kolata, 2013, December 19). A good example is H.K., who is 80 years old widow female. She was born in India and she only speaks one language, Punjabi. H. K was admitted to a nursing home on 06/07/2013 due to depressive disorder requiring assistance with ADLs. She is on DNR code status and no allergies. I believe she chose for DNR code given that she is at her advanced age. However, it is worth nothing that the decision for a DNR code is not the easiest one any person can make in their lives. Under these instructions, it is evident that H.K treatment only involves the treatment of symptoms that are as a result of pain or rather shortness of breath to just facilitate comfort. This however does not in any way prolong her life. Given her condition, H. K is actually suffering from hypertension. In reference to the case study above, this paper will be giving a comprehensive and consistent facts about hypertension. In support of these facts, this paper will majorly focus on various aspects of the disease. In particular, the paper will be looking at the anatomy and physiology as well as the risk factors that are associated with hypertension. In addition, this paper will also mention the signs and symptoms, diagnostics, treatment and complications of this disease. Moreover, this paper will go further and indicate how the disease process affects the body system, the nutrition information that is necessary for the patients as well as the required planning and teaching on patient discharge. Anatomy, physiology and Pathophysiology of hypertension Commonly known as high blood pressure, hypertension is a prominent blood pressure which clinically is considered to be higher than 140/90 mm/Hg. Once blood pressure in the arteries is high then the heart has a big task of pumping blood throughout the blood vessels (Culpepper, 1983). Basically, the two types of blood pressure that are measured include systolic and diastolic measures. Systolic measure is done when the heart contracts after a beat in order to let blood out of the ventricular while diastolic measure takes place during the relaxation of the ventricular, and thus, being filled with blood. Hypertension occurs when there is an increase resistance of blood flow, even though the cardiac effects remains the same. High blood pressure is normally classified into two; essential/primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. In comparison of these two, primary hypertension does not need any serious medical attention but then a lot of consideration must be channeled towards secondary hypertension because it can result to various effects on the body (Wylie, 2005). There are many pathophysiology mechanisms that are involved in the development of primary hypertension. These include peripheral resistance as well as cardiac output. These two are responsible for arterial pressure. Meanwhile, heart rate and stroke volume are the two determinant of cardiac output. Stroke volume is also influenced by two factors. These include; myocardial contractility in conjunction with the vascular compartment. On the other hand, peripheral resistance occurs as a result of the structural changes of the arteries and arterioles (CEACCP, n.d.). Risk factors that are associated with hypertension Numerous diseases have many risk factors that in one way or another contribute or rather lead to these diseases. Likewise, there a number of risk factors that are known to be associated with hypertension. Some of these factors includes; Age. This is one important risk factor that is associated with hypertension. The more advanced in terms of age an individual becomes, the higher the chances of developing hypertension. Gender. Men forms the large portion of high blood pressure as opposed to females Activity level Individuals who engages in a lot of exercises and who are more active in their old age are less likely to server from hypertension as compared to those people who are in an inactive physically. Diet Salt has been found to have a higher impact of contributing to high blood pressure smoking Smoking is a risk factor in many diseases. Likewise it is also a risk factor and can contribute to hypertension. So people are highly encouraged to quit smoking. Family history Even though research is still being done to confirm the preliminary indications that, an individual who comes from a family which has been diagnosed with hypertension has a high probability of suffering from this disease (Guyton Hall, 2006). Signs and symptoms of hypertension There are a number of signs and symptoms that are associated with high blood pressure. However, it is important to note that there are no direct symptoms that solely can be considered or linked to hypertension. The situation is even made difficult by the fact that most signs that can be deemed to associate with high blood pressure can also result from normal blood pressures. Some of these symptoms include; fatigue, dizziness, nose-bleeding as well as severe headache (Hypertension, n.d). As it can be observed, the above symptoms also occurs in other diseases as well. So when these symptoms start showing up, a person suffering from high blood pressure will also shows some other signs such as vomiting, restlessness, having a blurred vision as well as shortness of breath. Hypertension can now be more suspicious if a person shows other signs like, variation in the mental abilities that is characterized by being confused and eventually leading to a coma. Other signs that will indicate hypertension includes having a heart attack or heart failure, experiencing a lot of pain in the chest, fluids in the lungs, and severe swelling of the brain (Hypertension, n.d). These symptoms are also accompanied by kidney failure, damage of the brain, heart as well as the eyes. Diagnostics and tests for hypertension There are many examinations that can be used to indicate if a patience with above mentioned symptoms and signs is suffering from high blood pressure. The first step is to measure the blood pressure levels. This is done through a series of steps as indicated below; A patient is required to sit down with both feet on the floor for at least five minutes. The patient’s arm should also rest peacefully on the arms of the examination chair. Once the patient is sited relaxing on the chair, a cuff that is attached to the dial is then rubbed around his/her arm. It is important to note that it is the upper arm and not the lower arm. The purpose of dial is actually to show or rather indicate the level of blood pressure. The responsible professional who in most cases is the nurse pumps the cuffs so that blood flow can be stopped. Once this is done, the nurse slowly and carefully loosens the cuff and with the aid of a stethoscope the nurse listens to the blood pressure particularly in the elbow. This is what is refereed to systolic measurement of blood pressure. Eventually the nurse loosens the cuff further and blood start flowing normally until the heart beat cannot be heard through the elbow. This is what is called the diastolic tests. If through these test, there is a convincing indication that indeed the blood pressure of the patient is high, then definitely the doctor will indicate that the patient should return for two to three more similar tests so that the blood pressure can be confirmed (Hypertension, n.d). There are other tests that can be carried out to supplements the tests above. These include; the test for glucose, urine examination, blood tests for determination of potassium levels as well as examination of the kidney functionality (Black, 1999). Treatment of hypertension Generally, there are two approaches that can be used to treat hypertension. These include; change of lifestyles as well as well as the use of medicine. Change of lifestyles There are a number of lifestyle changes that can be adopted and help in dealing with high blood pressure. These include; (a) try as much as possible to reduce body weight. This is because it has been found that high blood pressure is directly proportion to the rate of increase of body weight. In addition, losing weight allows the various medication that are taken to work more efficiently and effectively (b) eating a well-balanced diet that is rich of fruits with reduced salt and fats (c) being active in participating various physical activities. These activities should be undertaken on a daily basis and not just on the weekends (d) reduce alcohol, caffeine as well as tobacco as much as possible (e) avoid all forms of pressure or stress in this case because actually they tend to increase the level of blood pressure (Diseases and Conditions, n.d). The use of medicine Hypertension can also be treated medically using the following drugs; the use of beta-blockers to reduce rate at which the heart beats, use of angiotensin, Diuretics and alpha1-adrenergic (Hypertension, n.d). Complications that may result from hypertension There are numerous complications that may occur due to hypertension. The major common ones include; thickening of blood vessel, this will lead to coronary heart disease, heart failure because of exhaustion of the heart due to the increased load of pumping blood, hypertension also increases chances of cardiac arrhythmias. Hypertension can also lead to stroke as well as diabetes as a result of some drugs that are used to treat it. Men are likely to suffer from sexual dysfunction while females who have high blood pressure have been found to have problems during pregnancies. In addition, blood vessels that supply the brain may be damaged leading to dementia (Simon, 2013) How hypertension process affects the body system Circulatory system One of the most affected body system as a result of hypertension is the circulatory system. This is because, when the heart pumps blood too fast, it may rupture capillaries and arteries (Simon, 2013). Digestive system The digestive system is also affected by high blood pressure. This results due to the fact that, capillaries and arteries are responsible for supplying the stomach with the necessary blood for digestion to take place but once they have been damaged, then the stomach which is part of digestive system is not able to carry its functions well (Simon, 2013). Nerves system The nerves system is also affected by high blood pressure. This occurs due to the fact that arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the brain. If they get damaged due to the high blood pressure from the heart then the functions of the nerves system are impaired and this may definitely lead to dementia (Gregson, 2001). Endocrine system The endocrine system actually has a great contribution to secondary hypertension. This is because, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing’s syndrome as well as pheochromocytoma which are endocrine diseases have been found to contribute to high blood pressure (Gregson, 2001). Respiratory system The respiratory system is also affected by high blood pressure because of the damage that may be caused to the kidney. Poor material flow to muscle tendons as the functionality of different blood vessels is impaired will lead to adverse effects on the muscular system (Gregson, 2001). Necessary nutrition for hypertension patients The major consideration of nutrition is to try and reduce weight. Thus eating more fish, foods which contain fiber, vegetables and fruits is an ideal diet for patients suffering from high blood pressure. In addition all daily fat products should be avoided. Moreover, foods that are rich in calcium, magnesium and potassium are also highly recommended. On top of that, avoid red meet at all cost but then white meet from turkey and chicken is recommendable (Culpepper, 1983). Planning and teaching on patient discharge. Once a hypertension patient has been discharged, it is better for him/her to follow some guidelines which in this case include; taking medicines as directed by the physician, being taught to know the facts of the disease. This will assist the patient to prepare himself psychologically and in the process avoid all forms of stress which may arise. Another important thing that the patient must observe also is to constantly engage in various physical activities. This will also help the patient decrease his blood pressure. The patient also needs to be keen with regard to the foods he will be taking and try to avoid a lot of salt as well as any fat related foods (Diseases and Conditions, n.d). An important fact also the patience should be taught is some symptoms like severe headache, weakness in lower or upper arm, trouble when breathing and difficulties when speaking. Once the patient has experienced these signs, he should call for help immediately References BJA: CEACCP. (n.d.). Hypertension: pathophysiology and treatment. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from http://ceaccp.oxfordjournals.org/content/4/3/71.full Black, E. R. (1999). Diagnostic strategies for common medical problems (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: American College of Physicians. Culpepper, W. S. (1983). Cardiac anatomy and function in juvenile hypertension. The American Journal of Medicine, 75(3), 57-61. Diseases and Conditions. (n.d.). 10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication. Retrieved February 27, 2014, from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/high-blood-pressure/art-20046974?pg=2 Gregson, S. R. (2001). High blood pressure. Mankato, Minn.: LifeMatters. Guyton, A. C., Hall, J. E. (2006). Textbook of medical physiology (11th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. Hypertension/high blood pressure health centre. (n.d.). High blood pressure symptoms: Signs of hypertension, malignant hypertension. Retrieved March 2, 2014, from http://www.webmd.boots.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/high-bp-symptoms Hypertension/high blood pressure health centre. (n.d.). High blood pressure. Retrieved March 2, 2014, from http://www.webmd.boots.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/blood-pressure-treatment Kolata, G. (2013, December 19). Hypertension Guide May Affect 7.4 Million. The New York Times. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/20/health/hypertension-guide-may-affect-7-4-million.html?_r=0 Moore, R. (2001). The high blood pressure solution a scientifically proven program for preventing strokes and heart disease ([2nd ed.). Rochester, VT: Healing Arts Press. Simon, H. (2013, June 27). Health Guide. High Blood Pressure. Retrieved March 2, 2014, from http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/hypertension/complications.html Wylie, L. (2005). Essential anatomy and physiology in maternity care (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier, Churchill Livingstone.

Industrial Robots and Manufacturing Automation Essay -- Robots Automat

Industrial Robots and Manufacturing Automation Abstract Automation started out as an assembly line of workers doing the same repetitive task all day long. Some of the jobs were very boring, dirty, unpleasant, and possibly dangerous. After the introduction of the first robot in 1961, automation began to advance in ways people could only imagine. Each of the six basic styles of robot used in industry today were designed with different applications in mind. Some of the robots were designed for assembly, others are more suited for simple pick and place applications, while a select few are capable of carrying heavy loads over a large area. The operations of the robots have also advanced from simple hard-stop, one-function, hydraulic actuated robots to the more sophisticated, high-precision, servo controlled robots that can be reprogrammed to do many different jobs. Robots have greatly increased production, the quality of the parts, and the safety of workers. The main reason for the use of robots is to make a company profitable while producing a high quality part at competitive prices. The number of robots used in industry increases every year as more companies realize their many benefits. Robots are the future of the manufacturing industry. As the performance and flexibility of robots increases and their prices continue to drop, many companies will uses these added incentives to invest in the future. Soon every company that has an application for a robot will be forced to invest in one, to stay competitive in the world market. Introduction The Robotics Industry Association defines a robot as ?a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks? (Zalda 8). In short, a robot is a machine that is programmed to perform a variety of tasks in place of humans. The first industrial robot, built in 1961, was a mechanical arm used to load presses. After the development of the computer and the CNC (Computer Numerical Control) in the 1970?s, the world saw great advances in the development of robotic control and the quality of robot manufacturing. As a result, there has been acceptance of the industrial robot world wide, improving the productivity and quality standards of industry (Hodges 3-5). Robots acco... ... ?Automation Reduces Weld Spatter? Welding Design & Fabrication (Jun. 2001): 37 EBSCOhost. Online. Nov. 2002 . Cheney, Susan. ?Packaging & Manufacturing.? Candy Industry (Jun. 2000): 20. InfoTrac. Online. Nov. 2002 . Hodges, Bernard. Industrial Robotics, 2nd ed. Boston: B.H. Newnes, 1992. ?Robotics? McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, 1995 ed. ?Robotics will boost quality and transfer efficiency levels.? Coatings (Jul.-Aug. 1991): 66 InfoTrac. Online. Nov. 2002. . ?Small Shop Gains Edge with Robotic Welding.? Welding Design & Fabrication (Aug. 2001): 42 EBSCOhost. Online. Nov. 2002 . Time Life. Computer Age. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Inc., 1992. Weimer, George. ?Robots ?see? factory?s future.? Material Handling Management (Mar. 2002): 25. InfoTrac. Online. Nov. 2002 . Williams, Gray ?Robots and Automation.? The new book of popular science. Grolier Inc., 1996, 186-94. Woodman, Chester L., Kurt Kuster. ?Small shop, big decision.? American Machinest (Apr. 2001): 78 EBSCOhost. Online. Nov. 2002 . Zalda, Roberta. ?Using flexibility to justify robotics automation costs.? Industrial Management (Nov.-Dec. 1994): 8. InfoTrac. Online. Nov. 2002 .

The Role Christianity Played Throughout the Light and Truth of Slavery: Aaron’s History

The Role Christianity Played Throughout The Light and Truth of Slavery: Aaron's History In 1845 Aaron is telling a story, a story of his life as a slave; which was documented through The Light and Truth of Slavery: Aaron's History. Aaron, a former slave, notes that he escaped from the South and became a â€Å"poor way-faring Bondman,† where he lectured in churches and public buildings throughout the North during the first half of the 19th century. Aaron advocates the political platform of the Liberty Party because of that party's attempt to pass legislation abolishing slavery as unconstitutional.He also suggests that abolishing slavery would not have the feared financial repercussions on the South but would, instead, financially benefit the South and the nation as a whole. In some ways religion meant nothing at all when it came to slaves and slave owners, but in another sense people took it very serious. Aaron starts his story by speaking about Mr. Harrison, William Henry Harr ison who was running for president at that time. Aaron speaks about how caucasian people spoke so highly of Harrison when in actuality he was doing nothing different than any other person.Harrison was still turning hungry kids away but as Aaron says â€Å"Now what more can you expect from a slaveholding man, for you can expect nothing more† (Aaron 3). Aarons view on slavery connected with religon and politics as well. At this time almost everyone’s religion was christianity, and according to the bible; Every is equal. Aaron could never understand how someone could claim to be a Christian, but promote un-christian like qualities to the world. Although slaves were enslaved, that did not keep them away from their religion. Enslaved men and women kept the rites, rituals, and cosmologies of Africa alive in America through stories, healing arts, song, and other forms of cultural expression, creating a spiritual space apart from the white European world. † (Sambol-Tosco 1). If a slave who was beaten, and treated as if they were not even close to human could stick to their religion and live by the words of the bible, how could a person who had no one holding them back do the same. Slave owners used Christianity as an excuse for how they treated slaves in the 19th century.Throughout the narrative, Aaron is on a journey to use his religion to get others on his side and to prove his point on what he thought religion was all about, but he is faced with people who want to help in along his journey, and also people who could care less about him or if he ate that day. While on his journey he traveled through towns such as Elizabethtown, Foxboro, Wrentham and many more. While on his journey through these many different towns, Aaron ran into many Northern abolitionists who Aaron called â€Å"wolves and sheep clothing† (Aaron 7).When he says this he means it as someone that looks harmless (like a sheep), but is actually not (like a wolf), but is just pretending or disguised. These people pretended to want to help him but then refused to help him in his time of need. While on his journey he also ran into other things that did not make him very happy. He blames southern ministers for hypocrisy, because while they were preaching holiness, they were taking advantage of female slaves. While in Elizabethtown he came into contact with a man that thought it was okay to say things like â€Å"he cut up with his female slaves, more than he did his own wife† (Aaron 3).These are all things that confused Aaron and made him want to continue his journey to promote Christianity, so that people could see it that way that he did. The Bible can be used to support particular viewpoints, and slavery is no exception. There are numerous references to slavery in the Bible which can be interpreted to condemn or either condone this practice (Reddie). Except for murder, slavery has to be one of the most immoral things a person can do. Yet slavery is talked about throughout the Bible in both the Old and New Testaments.The Bible clearly approves of slavery in many passages, and it goes so far as to tell how to obtain slaves, and how hard you can beat them. Many Christians will try to ignore the moral problems of slavery by saying that these slaves were actually servants or indentured servants, like the slave owners did. While many slaves may have worked as household servants, that doesn't mean that they were not slaves who were bought, sold, and treated worse than livestock.When people think about slavery, they think about how bad it is and how it has ruined people but what they do not think about is that once, it was just a way of live. â€Å"Historical records show that Islam and Christianity played an important role in enslavement in Africa† (Reddie). Ever since slaves were being captured from Africa, Christians have witnessed this act and have done nothing about it, so what would that change now that slavery has been going on for many years; and that is what Aaron was trying to prevent. While promoting his religion, that meant promotion freedom as well.Aaron was very big on slaves getting their freedom like he did. Throughout the narrative, Aaron told stories about the things brutality he had witnessed when it came to the slaves. As free people, people today do not think about how important freedom is because they have always been free, but they do not see that without freedom you are nothing. â€Å"A poor slave being on his deathbed, begged of his master to give him his liberty before he died, ‘I want to die free massa. ‘ His master replied, you are going to die soon, what good will your liberty do? ‘O master, I want to die free. He said to the slave, ‘you are free. ‘ ‘But do write it master, I want to see it on paper. ‘ At his earnest request he wrote that he was free, the slave took it in his trembling hand, looked at it with a smile and exclaimed, à ¢â‚¬ËœO how beautiful, O how beautiful,' and soon fell asleep in the arms of death† (Aaron 8). † It is amazing how a person could want freedom so bad, that they would even want their family members to say that they died a free man. Slave owners did not see it the same way, freedom was a privilege slave owners thought, not a right.Aaron wanted everyone to be free, because he was and by spreading his thoughts about religion he thought that would help. On his journey, Aaron ran into many abolitionists that he thought were trying to save the slaves. While some were using Christian scriptures to diffuse slavery, others were searching through the Bible to end it. Even even ran into Quakers, since their establishment in the mid 17th century, Quakers had faced persecution for their beliefs which stated that everyone was â€Å"equal in the sight of God† and capable of receiving the â€Å"light of God's spirit and wisdom†, including Africans.Several of their founders , including George Fox and Benjamin Lay, encouraged fellow congregants to stop owning slaves, and by 1696, Quakers in Pennsylvania officially declared their opposition to the importation of enslaved Africans into North America. Quakers in Philadelphia and London debated slavery at their yearly meetings in the 1750s, became required reading for abolitionists on both sides of the Atlantic (Reddie). Aaron was eager to find out that there were other people willing to help him abolish slavery through religion and willing to do almost anything to get it done.